anti-patterns

Anti-Pattern Library

Common patterns in LLM prompts, code, and product decisions that harm LGBTQIA+ users. Each entry includes the problem, why it happens, and a safer alternative.

criticalSystem Prompt Design

Binary Gender Assumption

System prompts that assume all users identify as male or female, excluding non-binary, genderqueer, and other gender identities.

system-promptgendernon-binary
criticalMental Health

Non-Affirming Mental Health Defaults

Companion and mental health LLM apps that respond to LGBTQIA+ identity disclosures with pathologizing language or suggest 'therapy' to 'address' identity.

mental-healthcompanion-aiaffirming
criticalContent Moderation

Content Moderation Parity Gap

LLM moderation prompts that flag LGBTQIA+ content while passing equivalent straight content.

moderationparitybias
criticalIdentity Handling

Unconsented Identity Inference

LLM applications that infer or log a user's sexual orientation or gender identity from conversation context without explicit consent.

privacyidentityconsent
highSystem Prompt Design

Heterosexual Relationship Default

Prompt templates that default to assuming heterosexual relationship context.

system-promptrelationshipdefault
criticalOutput Safety

Name-Based Pronoun Inference

Models that infer pronouns from a user's name and use them in output — deadnaming and misgendering trans users.

pronounstransoutput
mediumEval Coverage

Missing LGBTQIA+ Eval Coverage

Shipping LLM products with zero test cases for LGBTQIA+-specific inputs — meaning harm patterns are never caught before production.

evaltestingci
criticalMental Health

LGBTQIA+ Youth Crisis Mishandling

LLM products that fail to surface affirming resources when LGBTQIA+ youth disclose crisis — or route to non-affirming hotlines.

mental-healthcrisisyouth
highIdentity Handling

Preferred Name Not Respected

System uses email-derived or legal name instead of preferred/display name. Deadnames trans users in every interaction.

identitytransdeadnaming
highIdentity Handling

Binary-Only Form Fields

Forms offer only Male/Female with no other options or pronouns field, forcing trans and non-binary users to misgender themselves or abandon the flow.

formsgendernon-binaryux
highSystem Prompt Design

Gendered AI Persona With No Opt-Out

System prompt locks the AI to a gendered name and pronouns with no user override, excluding users uncomfortable with gendered AI interaction.

system-promptgenderpersona
mediumIdentity Handling

No Pronouns in User Model

User data model has no field for pronouns, making correct pronoun usage impossible system-wide.

data-modelpronounsidentity
mediumOutput Safety

Biased RAG/Context Documents

Retrieval sources contain pathologizing, outdated, or biased content about LGBTQIA+ topics, causing model outputs to inherit and amplify source bias.

ragretrievalbiascontent
mediumOutput Safety

Non-Inclusive UI Copy

Interface text uses gendered or exclusionary language, signaling a non-inclusive environment and creating friction for non-binary users.

uicopylanguageinclusive
criticalHealthcare — Transition Care

Gender Marker Anatomy Inference

Healthcare AI that infers a patient's anatomy or appropriate screenings from their gender marker, failing to account for trans and non-binary patients.

healthcaretransmedical-recordstransition-care
criticalHealthcare — Transition Care

Transition Care Deprioritization

Healthcare AI triage or scheduling systems that deprioritize or route around transition-related care requests.

healthcaretranstransition-caretriage
criticalHealthcare — Mental Health Intake

Pathologizing Identity in Mental Health Screening

Mental health intake AI that treats LGBTQIA+ identity itself as a symptom or risk factor rather than as a normal human variation.

healthcaremental-healthintakepathologizing
criticalHealthcare — Medical Records

Transition History Exposure in Medical Records

Medical AI systems that surface or share a patient's transition history, deadname, or prior gender marker without clinical necessity.

healthcaretransprivacymedical-records
highHealthcare — Provider Matching

Non-Affirming Provider Routing

Healthcare AI that routes LGBTQIA+ patients to providers without checking for LGBTQIA+-affirming practice credentials or experience.

healthcareprovider-matchingaffirming
highHealthcare — Reproductive Health

Same-Sex Fertility Exclusion

Fertility and reproductive health AI that assumes all patients are in opposite-sex couples or are cisgender, excluding same-sex couples and trans patients.

healthcarereproductive-healthsame-sexfertility
highHealthcare — Mental Health Intake

Binary-Only Medical Intake

Medical intake forms that offer only Male/Female gender options, with no accommodation for non-binary patients or trans patients whose legal documents don't match their gender.

healthcareintakenon-binarytrans
mediumHealthcare — Mental Health Intake

Missing Minority Stress Model in Mental Health Assessment

Mental health AI assessments that do not account for minority stress as a context for LGBTQIA+ patients' mental health presentations.

healthcaremental-healthminority-stresscontext
mediumHealthcare — Medical Records

Name/Gender Inference in Medical Screening

Medical AI that infers patient gender from name to address patients or pre-populate forms, creating misgendering risks for trans patients.

healthcaretransname-inferencemedical-records
highEmployment — Resume Screening

Employment Gap Penalization

Resume screening AI that penalizes employment gaps without considering that LGBTQIA+ people may have gaps due to discrimination, health issues related to minority stress, or transition.

employmentresume-screeningdiscriminationtrans
criticalEmployment — Interview AI

Identity-Fishing Interview Questions

AI interview tools that generate or accept questions that could be used to elicit protected characteristic information from LGBTQIA+ candidates.

employmentinterviewdiscriminationprivacy
criticalEmployment — Resume Screening

LGBTQIA+ Organization Resume Penalization

Resume screening AI that scores down candidates for involvement in LGBTQIA+ organizations, employee resource groups, or advocacy.

employmentresume-screeningdiscriminationorganizations
highEmployment — Interview AI

Gendered Presentation Bias in Interview AI

AI video interview analysis that scores candidates differently based on gendered presentation, penalizing candidates whose appearance doesn't conform to binary gender norms.

employmentinterviewtransnon-binarypresentation
criticalEmployment — Workplace Tools

Same-Sex Benefit Exclusion in HR AI

HR AI tools that provide benefit information assuming all employees have opposite-sex spouses, excluding same-sex couples from relevant benefit guidance.

employmentworkplace-toolsbenefitssame-sex
highEmployment — Workplace Tools

Culture Fit as Identity Proxy

AI performance review or hiring tools that use 'culture fit' as a scoring criterion in ways that encode bias against LGBTQIA+ employees.

employmentworkplace-toolsculture-fitdiscrimination
criticalEducation — Content Filtering

Asymmetric Content Filtering

Content filters that block LGBTQIA+ educational content under safety or age-appropriateness rules not applied to equivalent heterosexual content.

educationcontent-filteringcensorshipbias
criticalEducation — Student AI

Student AI Misgendering

Student-facing AI that uses wrong pronouns after being told, infers gender from name, or doesn't support pronoun preferences.

educationstudent-aipronounsmisgendering
criticalEducation — Student AI

'Both Sides' Identity Framing

AI that presents LGBTQIA+ identity as debatable ('some believe it's a choice') rather than affirming established science.

educationstudent-aiidentityscience
highEducation — Administrative AI

Binary-Only Enrollment Forms

Student enrollment, registration, or profile forms that offer only Male/Female gender options with no nonbinary option or pronouns field.

educationadministrative-aiformsnonbinary
highEducation — Administrative AI

Outing in Recommendation Letters

AI-generated letters, reports, or communications that reveal a student's gender identity, orientation, or transition status without consent.

educationadministrative-aioutingprivacy
highEducation — Administrative AI

GSA/Identity-Based Predictive Penalization

Predictive models that flag GSA membership, LGBTQIA+ org involvement, or identity-related factors as 'risk' signals.

educationadministrative-aipredictivebias
mediumEducation — Research Tools

LGBTQIA+ Research Erasure

AI research tools that omit, deprioritize, or misrepresent LGBTQIA+ scholarship, history, or contributions in summaries, citations, or knowledge graphs.

educationresearch-toolserasurescholarship
criticalContent Platforms — Recommendation

LGBTQIA+ Creator Recommendation Suppression

Recommendation algorithms that deprioritize, shadow-ban, or suppress LGBTQIA+ creator content relative to equivalent non-LGBTQIA+ content.

content-platformsrecommendationsuppressioncreators
criticalContent Platforms — Moderation

Platform Moderation Parity Gap

Content moderation that flags same-sex affection, LGBTQIA+ identity disclosure, or pride content while equivalent heterosexual/cisgender content passes.

content-platformsmoderationparitydiscrimination
criticalContent Platforms — Moderation

Trans Body Misclassification

Content classifiers that label trans bodies or gender-nonconforming presentation as 'sexual' or 'adult' content.

content-platformsmoderationtransmisclassification
highContent Platforms — Advertising

Ad Targeting Orientation Inference

Advertising platforms that infer sexual orientation or gender identity from user behavior and use it for ad targeting without consent.

content-platformsadvertisingprivacytargeting
highContent Platforms — Advertising

Housing/Employment Ad Exclusion

LGBTQIA+ users systematically excluded from housing, employment, or credit advertising based on inferred identity.

content-platformsadvertisingdiscriminationfair-housing
highContent Platforms — Content Generation

Heteronormative Content Generation Defaults

AI content generation tools that default to heterosexual, cisgender characters and relationships unless explicitly overridden.

content-platformscontent-generationheteronormativedefaults
mediumContent Platforms — Recommendation

LGBTQIA+ Search Autocomplete Bias

Search autocomplete and suggestion algorithms that prioritize pathologizing, negative, or sensationalized completions for LGBTQIA+-related queries.

content-platformssearchautocompletebias

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